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Saturday, March 24, 2018

Elastic Fastening

Pandrol Clip or Elastic Rail Clip

Pandrol PR 401 clip (also called Elastic Rail Clip) is a standard type of elastic fastening on Indian Railways and was earlier manufactured by M/s Guest, Keens & Williams.

It is “fit and forget” type of fastening and very little attention required to maintain the same. The clip is made from Silico Manganese spring steel bar of diameter 20.6mm and heat treated. It exerts a toe load of 710 Kg for a normal deflection of 11.4mm. The toe load is quite adequate to ensure that no relative movement between rails and sleeper is possible. Pandrol clip can be driven with the help of 4 pounds hammer and requires no special tools. In order to ensure that the correct toe load is exerted, the Pandrol clip should be driven to such an extent that the outer leg of the clip flushes with the outer face of the C.I. insert. 
The Pandrol Clip can be fixed on Wooden, Steel, and Cast Iron with special arrangements. There are 3 types of ERC’s.

1. Round-Toe ERC 
2.Flat-Toe ERC
3.ERC mark II, III & IV

Rubber Pad
A rubber pad is an integral part of an elastic fastening. It is provided
between rail and sleepers to perform the following duties:
1. It absorbs the shock.
2. It dampens and absorbs the vibrations.
3. It resists lateral movements of the rails.
4. It prevents abrasion of the bottom surface of the rail, which otherwise comes in direct contact with the sleepers.
5. It provides electrical insulation between the rails in an electrified area.

6 mm thick grooved rubber pads

A new design of 6mm thick grooved rubber pad with horns has recently been developed by RDSO (Drg. No RDSO/T-31) for use on 60 Kg UIC rails. It was being experienced that a normal rubber pads of 4.5mm thick (IRST-37-1982) were getting crushed in 6 to 7 years time and therefore grooved rubber pads particularly for 60 Kg UIC rail were designed which can give better service life of 15 to 20 years.

Composite Liner

Nylon insulating liners are being mostly used on Indian Railways. They are, however, getting crushed under the toe load exerted by Pandrol Clips. To eliminate such premature failure, the following 2 types of composite liners have been evolved by R.D.S.O.

1. Composite liner with malleable cast iron and nylon components (Drg.No. RDSO/T653/1)
2. Composite liners with M.S. and Nylon components (Drg.No.RDSO/T-1895) These liners have been evolved on the basis of the design adopted on British Railways, where these are reported to have given trouble-free service for last few
years.

Glass Filled Nylon Liners

RDSO has developed some time back glass filled nylon liners (GFN-66) of 4mm thickness particularly for track circuited areas and sections, subject to severe corrosion. These glass filled nylon liners are considered to be technically superior because these are in single piece, have longer life and are free from corrosion. These liners are on extensive use on Indian Railways particularly with ERC clip assembly on 60 Kg and 52 Kg rails and PRC sleepers. It has also been decided that in saline atmosphere of coastal belts and areas subjected to industrial fumes etc., where corrosion is prominent, only GFN-66 liners should be used.

o Horizontal thickness:
o For round toe elastic clip                   6mm
o For flat toe elastic clip                       8mm
o Tolerance ±                                        0.2 mm
o Vertical leg thickness
o For 3702,3706,3738 & 3740             5.5 mm
o For 3707 & 3741                               9 mm
o For 3708 & 3742                              15mm
o Tolerance                                           + 0 to – 0.2 mm

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