ACTIVE EARTH PRESSURE AND PASSIVE EARTH PRESSURE :-
The magnitude of the lateral earth pressure depends upon the movement of the retaining wall relative to the backfill and upon the nature of soil. Considering a rigid retaining wall with a plane vertical face, backfilled with cohesion less soil. If the wall does not move even after filling the material, the pressure exerted on the wall is termed as Earth Pressure at Rest. The point A represent it is fig. below:-
