Transitions, safe speed and super elevation on curves
1) Cant or super elevation is the amount by which one rail is raised above the other rail. It is positive when the outer rail on a curved track is raised above inner rail and is negative when the inner rail on a curved track is raised above the outer rail.
2) Equilibrium speed is the speed at which the centrifugal force developed during the movement of the vehicle on a curved track is exactly balanced by the cant provided.
3) Cant deficiency- cant deficiency occurs when a train travels around a curve at a speed higher than the equilibrium speed. It is the difference between the actual cant and the theoretical cant required for such a lower speed.
4) Cant excess – cant excess occurs when a train travels around a curve at a speed lower than the equilibrium speed. It is the difference between the actual cant and the theoretical cant required for such a lower speed.
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